This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper.įunding: The funder provided support in the form of salaries for authors SSA and JJC, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Received: Accepted: AugPublished: August 25, 2015Ĭopyright: © 2015 Oliver et al. PLoS ONE 10(8):Įditor: Jui-Yang Lai, Chang Gung University, TAIWAN

(2015) Development of a Novel Model for the Assessment of Dead-Space Management in Soft Tissue. The two materials tested were effective in resolving the surgically created dead space, and did not elicit any unexpected adverse host response.Ĭitation: Oliver RA, Lovric V, Yu Y, Christou C, Aiken SS, Cooper JJ, et al. The model was found to be convenient and effective for the assessment of implant materials for management of dead space in muscle tissue.

Serological inflammatory cytokine expression for IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β indicated no unusual inflammatory response to the implanted materials or surgical procedure. However, peak tobramycin levels were detected in all animals at 6 hours post-implantation with no detectable levels in any animals at 72 hours post implantation. Vancomycin was not detected in blood serum. Histologically, the host tissue response to both materials was identical, and subsequent healing at the implant sites was observed with no dead space remaining. Complete resorption was confirmed radiographically at 3 weeks post-implantation. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 7, 21, 42, and 63 days post-operatively (n = 4), and implant sites were analysed by micro-computed tomography, histology and immunohistochemistry. In-life blood samples and radiographs were taken from each animal following implantation. Two absorbable test materials were implanted in each animal beads of calcium sulfate alone, and beads loaded with vancomycin and tobramycin. This study describes a novel small animal model to investigate dead-space management in muscle tissue. The eradication of dead space is essential in order to prevent recurrent infection. Following extensive surgical debridement in the treatment of infection, a “dead space” can result following surgical closure that can fill with hematoma, an environment conducive to bacterial growth.

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